Great Changes in the Past 70 Years of Zhengzhou 70 年巨变，这里是郑州

Seventy years is just a drop in the ocean of history. But for a person, it is a long life from birth to gray hair.

70 年，在历史的长河中只是沧海一粟，斗转星移间转瞬即逝，但对于一个人而言，却是从呱呱坠地到白发苍苍的漫长一生。

A country can go from rags to riches in seventy years, while a city will glow with unique vitality.

70 年，在一个国家的发展史中可能是从风雨飘摇走向繁荣富强。而对于其中的某一座城市，则会焕发出独一无二的生机与活力。

In the past 70 years, Zhengzhou has witnessed the reemergence of the ancient capital along the Yellow River with substantial data.

70 年巨变，郑州用一组组鲜活的数据见证着黄河主轴上古都的再崛起。

 

 Photo：Ma Jian

Zhengzhou's population growth in the past 70 years

70 年，记住郑州的人口增长

In October 1948, Zhengzhou was liberated, with a population of 164,000. In 1949, the total population reached 191,000. This is the beginning of Zhengzhou's evolution from a small county called Zheng County to an international metropolis. According to the 2018 Henan Population Development Report, released in June this year, the population of Henan Province has been converging on Zhengzhou, with a net inflow of 185,000 people in 2018, and 59.8% of the inter-city population in the province flowing to Zhengzhou. Zhengzhou, which is now building itself into a national central city, had a population of 10,136,000 in 2018, nearly 10 million more than 70 years ago. Now it has transformed into a new first-tier city.

1948 年10 月，郑州解放，人口16.4 万人，1949 年总人口才达到19.1 万人。这是郑州从一个名叫郑县的小县城向一座国际化大都市演变的起点。根据今年6 月发布的《2018 年河南人口发展报告》，河南全省人口向郑州聚拢，2018年净流入18.5 万人，59.8% 省内跨市流动人口流向郑州。如今的郑州，正在建设国家中心城市，2018 年人口已达1013.6 万人，比70 年前增加了近1000 万人，已蝶变成为新一线城市。

The expansion of Zhengzhou in the past 70 years

70 年，记住郑州的面积扩容

With the liberation, the state set up Zhengzhou city. In 1949, Zheng County was incorporated into Zhengzhou, which then covered an area of 5.23 square kilometers. In 2018, the total area of urban built-up areas in Zhengzhou reached 1055.27 square kilometers, increasing by more than 200 times.

随着解放，国家设立郑州市。1949 年撤郑县并入郑州市，彼时的郑州面积5.23 平方公里，而2018 年郑州市域城市建成区面积合计达1055.27 平方公里，城市建成区面积扩大超200 倍。

Nineteen years ago, Zhengzhou, which had only 130 square kilometers of old city, boldly planned the 150-square-kilometer Zhengdong New District, almost equivalent to a new city from the ground up. At that time, Zhengzhou once proposed that "we shall kick it into high gear, and strive to take shape in three years and scale up in five years." The reason why this is so urgent is that "we shall improve Zhengzhou's primacy ratio in the province by focusing on the construction of Zhengzhou new districts so as to promote the construction of Zhengzhou as a national regional central city." As it turned out, Zhengzhou has made it even better than expected, which best reflects “Zhengzhou Speed”.

还记得19 年前，老城区规模仅130 平方公里的郑州，大胆规划了150 平方公里的郑东新区，这几乎等于平地起一座新城。当时，郑州曾提出：“要加快进度，力争‘三年出形象，五年成规模’。”之所以如此紧迫，理由是“要以推动郑州市建设全国区域性中心城市为目标，以强力开发郑州的新区建设为重点，提升其在全省的首位度”。事实证明，郑州不仅做到了，而且比预想的做得更好。

 

 

Photo：Ma Jian, Wang Xiuqing

Zhengzhou’s rail traffic in the past 70 years

70 年，记住郑州的轨道交通

“If the train passes, wealth will come.” Zhengzhou is said to be a city developed by train, which dates back more than 100 years. Zhengzhou has always been an integral part of China's rail transport, and can even be described as "the heart of railroad." Now Zhengzhou has developed into an important railway hub in China. In 1949, Zhengzhou Railway Station had only four or five tile-roofed houses and a dozen conductors, and received less than 10 trains a day. Zhengzhou is now the only city in China with a highspeed rail network in the shape of "*", and the number of tracks has grown from a few to more than 200.

“火车一响，黄金万两。”都说郑州是火车拉来的城市，与火车的渊源可以追溯到100 多年前。郑州在中国铁路运输中始终是不可或缺的一部分，甚至可以用“铁路心脏”来描述其重要性。被火车拉来，再发展成为全国重要的铁路枢纽。1949 年的郑州火车站只有四五间瓦房，十几个售票员，每天接发列车不足10 趟。如今郑州是全国唯一拥有“米”字形高铁交通网络的城市，轨道数量已从零星的几条发展到了200 多条。

 

 

Photo：Ma Jian

Taking Zhengzhou North Railway Station, which has been in operation since 1963, as an example, it is the largest marshalling yard in Asia, with the most scientific design layout in China, known as "a model of marshaling yard". Initially designed to handle 24, 000 trucks a day, the station handled 30, 000 in 2002 and about 36, 000 in 2010, with an average of at least 16 trains arriving every minute.

以1963 年就开始运营的郑州北站为例，其是亚洲最大的列车编组站，被称为“中国设计布局最科学的编组站”，有“编组站教科书”之称。北站最初设计能力为日均办理货车24000 辆，2002 年突破3 万辆，2010 年约36000 辆，一般来说平均每分钟就会有至少16 辆列车集结于此。

Let's take another look at the "acceleration" of China-Europe Railway Express (Zhengzhou) in the past few years. With the shift from the initial one departure a month to the current eight round trips every week, speed from 80 km / h to the current 120 km / h, collection radius from 500 km to the current 1500 km, the 10,245-kilometer-long China-Europe Railway Express (Zhengzhou) is regarded as the "golden railway" by both Chinese and foreign entrepreneurs. One end of the railway connects 121 cities in 24 foreign countries. On the other end of the railway, with Zhengzhou as the core, road and rail transport networks cover three-quarters of the country's provinces. In the first half of 2019, China-Europe Railway Express (Zhengzhou) operated 539 freight trains, carrying 230,000 tons of cargo worth 10.79 billion yuan. By the end of June this year, the China-Europe Railway Express (Zhengzhou) had had five entry-exit ports (Alataw Pass, Erenhot, Khorgos, Pingxiang, Suifenhe) and has always maintained a balanced round trip. Among the 63 cities where China-Europe Railway Express operates, the China-Europe Railway Express (Zhengzhou) ranks among the top in China based on the important comprehensive quality and safety indicators such as round-trip equilibrium, fulfillment of plan, transportation safety and market price. The increasingly fast China-Europe Railway Express (Zhengzhou) has become an important support for Henan to promote high-level opening-up and integrate into the construction of "Belt and Road", which has widened the "circle of friends" of Henan.

再看中欧班列(郑州)这几年跑出的“加速度”，班次从最初的每月去程一班，到如今的每周八去八回;时速从80 公里，到现在的120 公里;集货半径从500 公里，到现在的1500 公里……就这样，全程10245 公里的中欧班列(郑州)，被中外企业家不约而同地视为“黄金班列”。铁轨的一端，连通境外24 个国家121 座城市;铁轨的另一端，以郑州为核心，公路、铁路运输网络覆盖全国3/4 的省份。2019年上半年，中欧班列(郑州)共开行539 班，货运量23 万吨，货值107.9 亿元。截至今年6 月底，中欧班列(郑州)进出境口岸已达5 个(阿拉山口、二连浩特、霍尔果斯、凭祥、绥芬河)，并始终保持往返均衡对开。在全国63 个中欧班列开行城市中，依据往返均衡率、计划兑现率、运输安全、市场运价等重要质量安全综合指标评价，中欧班列(郑州)稳居全国“领跑梯队”。越跑越快的中欧班列(郑州)已成河南推动高水平对外开放、深度融入“一带一路”建设的重要支点，拉大着河南的“朋友圈”。

Zhengzhou's innovative manufacturing in the past 70 years

70 年，记住郑州的创新制造

Twenty years ago, Zhengzhou needed to import shield machines from Germany to dig a tunnel, let alone 70 years ago. Now the shield machines produced by China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co., Ltd. can meet the needs of both domestic market and export. The shield machines produced in Zhengzhou have been exported to 18 countries and regions around the world.

别说70 年前，就连20 年前的郑州想要挖一条隧道都需要从德国进口盾构机。而今的郑州，中铁工程装备集团有限公司生产研发的盾构机不仅能满足国内市场，还能满足对外出口的需求，在郑州生产的盾构机已出口到全世界18 个国家和地区。

 

 

Photo：Zhang Qian

With the shield machines produced by China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co., Ltd., 5G self-driving bus developed by Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co., Ltd., “preservation revolution” of freezing technology of Sanquan Food Co., Ltd., and the "tyretype retractable 100-meter-level special crane for wind turbine" of Zhengzhou New Dafang Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co., Ltd., the seven leading industries, namely electronic information, automobile and equipment manufacturing, biological medicine, new materials, aluminum deep processing, modern food manufacturing, brand clothing and household manufacturing, make "made in Zhengzhou" full of vigor.

中铁装备的盾构机，宇通研发的5G 自动驾驶公交，三全食品速冻技术的“保鲜革命”，郑州新大方重工的“轮胎式可伸缩型百米级风电安装专用起重”……目前，电子信息、汽车及装备制造、生物医药、新材料、铝材深加工、现代食品制造、品牌服装及家居制造等七大工业主导产业，让“郑州制造”活力四射。

Zhengzhou's per capita income in the past 70 years

70 年，记住郑州的人均收入

In 1949, the per capita disposable income of urban residents in Zhengzhou was only 96 yuan, compared with 306 yuan in 1978. In 2018, the per capita disposable income of Zhengzhou residents was 33105 yuan, of which, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 39,042 yuan, and the per capita expenditure on consumption was 26,256 yuan. The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 21,652 yuan, and the per capita expenditure on consumption was 15,105 yuan.

1949 年，郑州城市居民人均可支配收入仅96 元，1978 年为306 元。2018 年度，郑州居民人均可支配收入33105 元。其中城镇居民人均可支配收入39042 元，人均消费性支出26256 元;农村居民人均可支配收入21652 元，人均消费性支出15105 元。

According to the Statistical Bulletin on the National Economic and Social Development of Zhengzhou in 2018, Zhengzhou achieved a GDP of 1,014.33 billion yuan and a per capita GDP of 101,349 yuan in 2018. On the latest "Top 100 Cities in GDP in the First Half of 2019," Zhengzhou ranked among the top 20 with 510.69 billion yuan. It should be noted that in 1949, the GDP of Henan Province was only 2.088 billion yuan.

《2018年郑州市国民经济和社会发展统计公报》显示，2018 年郑州完成生产总值10143.3 亿元，人均生产总值101349 元。在最新出炉的“2019 年上半年城市GDP 百强榜”上，郑州更是以5106.9 亿元跻身全国20 强。要知道，1949 年整个河南省的生产总值也只有20.88 亿元。

 

 

Photo：Ma Jian

The business environment in Zhengzhou in the past 70 years

70 年，记住郑州的营商环境

From the goods exchange with coupons in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China to the one-click shopping in 2019, people's consumption patterns in the "city of business" have changed dramatically. As an industry closely connected with people's life, business itself has completed transformation again and again. In the past 70 years, there has been a strong business atmosphere in Zhengzhou's development.

从中华人民共和国成立初期的凭票换物到2019 年的一键购物，“商都”百姓的消费方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。商业作为与人民生活紧密相连的行业，自身也完成了一次又一次蜕变。70年，郑州的发展脉络中始终透着“商”的气质。

In the 1950s, China entered the "coupon era", when all kinds of commodities were purchased with coupons, and food coupon, oil coupon and cloth coupon filled people's lives. Restricted by coupons, the business model of Zhengzhou was mainly supply and marketing cooperatives at that time, and there were also a few commercial pedestrian streets, and the first department store - Zhengzhou Department Store appeared. In the 1990s, Zhengzhou's business entered the growing period from the budding period, and the "six golden flowers" triggered the "commercial war in the Central Plains." Zhengzhou Asia Mall is the first jointstock enterprise, and Hualian Department Store is the first enterprise transformed from a stateowned enterprise to a collective enterprise. With the decline after the commercial war, Zhengzhou business was struggling in stagnation. In 1997, Zhengzhou was approved as the pilot city of national trade reform, opening a new chapter of Zhengzhou's business development. Then came the rise of Dennis and Kingbird, which brought Zhengzhou business back on track. Since then, the business scale of Zhengzhou has been continuously expanded, various business circles have been flourishing, and well-known business enterprises at home and abroad have flocked into Zhengzhou, all of which strongly demonstrate that Zhengzhou's business environment has been comprehensively improved.

20 世纪50 年代， 中国进入“票证时代”，各种商品皆需凭票购买，粮票、油票、布票等充斥着人们的生活。由于消费受到票证的限制，那时的郑州商业以供销社为主，但也不乏商业步行街，且出现了第一家百货商场——郑州百货大楼。20 世纪90 年代，郑州商业从萌芽期迈入壮大期，“六朵金花”燃起“中原商战”，此时涌现出不少“全国第一”，第一个股份制企业亚细亚，第一个由国营向集体转型的企业华联商厦。随着商战后的衰落，郑州商业在停滞中挣扎。1997 年，郑州被批准为国家商贸改革试点城市，开启郑州商业发展新篇章。随之而来的是丹尼斯、金博大等商业新贵崛起，让郑州商业重新起航。此后，无论是商业规模不断扩大，还是各大商圈百花齐放，又或是国内外知名商企的扎堆涌入，都是郑州营商环境全面提升的有力表现。

“A person without credit cannot get established in society, and an industry without credit cannot thrive.” Credit is an important supporting point of modern market economy. In recent years, Zhengzhou has focused on the goal of building an international, law-based and business-friendly environment. While vigorously deepening the reform of the commercial system and relaxing market access, it has also actively explored the construction of a new type of market supervision mechanism based on credit supervision and strengthened on-going and ex-post supervision, effectively promoting the continuous optimization of the business environment and the construction of honest Zhengzhou, and further establishing a new image of Zhengzhou's opening up to the outside world.

“人无信不立，业无信不兴”，信用是现代市场经济的重要支撑点。近年来，郑州市紧盯构建国际化、法治化、便利化营商环境的目标，在大力深化商事制度改革、放宽市场准入的同时，积极探索构建以信用监管为基础的新型市场监管机制，强化事中事后监管，有效推进了营商环境的持续优化和诚信郑州建设进程，进一步树立了郑州对外开放的新形象。

Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone in the past 70 years

70 年，记住郑州的航空港区

In October 2007, in order to accelerate the construction of Zhengzhou international aviation hub, the People's Government of Henan Province approved the establishment of Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone. On October 24, 2010, Zhengzhou Xinzheng Comprehensive Bonded Zone was formally established with the approval of the State Council. On November 17, 2012, the Planning of Central Plains Economic Zone was approved by the State Council, which proposed the construction of Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone, mainly Zhengzhou Airport, in comprehensive bonded zones and related industrial parks, supported by comprehensive transportation hub, based on the development of air freight. On March 7, 2013, the State Council approved the Development Plan of Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone (2013-2025), marking the official launching of China's first pilot zone for economic development of airport.

2007 年10 月，为加快郑州国际航空枢纽建设，河南省委、省政府批准设立郑州航空港区。2010 年10 月24 日，经国务院批准正式设立郑州新郑综合保税区。2012 年11 月17 日，国务院批准《中原经济区规划》，提出以郑州航空港为主体，以综合保税区和关联产业园区为载体，以综合交通枢纽为依托，以发展航空货运为突破口，建设郑州航空港经济综合实验区。2013 年3 月7 日，国务院批准《郑州航空港经济综合实验区发展规划(2013-2025 年)》，标志着全国首个航空港经济发展先行区正式起航。

Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone is the only aviation economy pilot zone approved by the State Council as a national strategy, with a planned area of 415 square kilometers and a planned population of 2.6 million. It is positioned as an international aviation logistics center, a modern industrial base led by aviation economy, an important gateway for inland areas to open to the outside world, a modern aviation city, and a core growth pole of the central plains economic zone. It is a threedimensional and comprehensive transportation hub with various transportation modes such as air, high-speed railway, subway, suburban railway, ordinary railway, highway and expressway, and the first RMB innovation pilot in inland China and one of the three pilot areas for intelligence introduction, the only regional demonstration base for mass entrepreneurship and innovation in Henan, one of the 17 in China, and Henan demonstration zone for system and mechanism innovation. It has been listed as the "leader" in the construction of the national central city of Zhengzhou, the first in the national strategy of "three zones and one cluster" (Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone, China (Henan) Pilot Free Trade Zone and Zheng-Luo-Xin National Innovation Demonstration Area; Central Henan Urban Agglomeration) in Henan, the largest open brand in Henan, and strategic platform for promoting Henan's integration into the global economic cycle.

郑州航空港经济综合实验区是我国首个上升为国家战略、目前唯一的一个由国务院批准设立的航空经济先行区，规划面积415 平方公里，规划人口260 万人，定位于国际航空物流中心、以航空经济为引领的现代产业基地、内陆地区对外开放重要门户、现代航空都市、中原经济区核心增长极。其是一个拥有航空、高铁、地铁、城铁、普铁、高速公路与快速路等多种交通方式的立体综合交通枢纽，是我国三个引智试验区之一、全国十七个河南唯一一个区域性双创示范基地、河南体制机制创新示范区，被列为郑州国家中心城市建设的“引领”、河南“三区一群”国家战略首位、河南最大的开放品牌、带动河南融入全球经济循环的战略平台。

 

 

 

Photo：MaJian

208 passenger routes and 34 freight routes have drawn a magnificent picture of communication and integration between Henan and the world. Handling 27.33 million passengers and 515,000 tons of cargos, Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport has achieved the "double first" in passenger and cargo scale in central China.

208 条客运航线、34 条货运航线，绘制出河南与世界互联互通、交流交融的瑰丽图景。2733万人次的旅客吞吐量、51.5 万吨的货邮吞吐量，书写出郑州机场客货运规模中部地区“双第一”的精彩答卷。

In 2018, the GDP of Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone exceeded RMB80 billion, and it ushered in a good situation of rapid development driven by innovation.

2018 年，郑州航空港经济综合实验区地区生产总值突破800 亿元，其以创新驱动迎来快速发展的良好态势。

The well-being of the people in Zhengzhou in the past 70 years

70 年，记住郑州的幸福民生

By 2018, Zhengzhou had 4.041 million vehicles, among which 3.669 million were owned by individuals. In 2019, 913 hospitals nationwide will carry out trials of painless childbirth, 37 of which will be in Henan Province, including 7 in Zhengzhou. In 2020, Zhengzhou will become a national regional exhibition center and international exhibition city. By 2020, Zhengzhou will be built into a new smart city, which will complete government services offline at one time, so that all the necessary things for the public to work and live can be handled online. It will also build "shared parking ". In 2020, Zhengzhou will fully enter the subway era, and will open seven subway lines. In 2020, Zhengzhou buses, taxis, urban light logistics vehicles and sanitation vehicles will be replaced with new energy vehicles. In the work report of Zhengzhou Municipal Government in 2019, "more than 100 museums are planned to be built in three years." In 2020, the new Science and Technology Museum of Henan Province and the new Museum of Zhengzhou will be put into use. Zhengzhou has launched 22 new ecological sites this year, aiming to build 75 ecological cultural parks in the whole city by 2020, with an ecological greening area of 50,000 mu. In 2019, Zhengzhou will build 100 fitness paths, 20 fitness centers (rooms) in the urban communities, 20 multi-functional sports venues, and build activity venues in street parks, green spaces and residents' rest places. It is estimated that by 2020, there will be more than 500 football fields in the city, with 0.5-0.7 football fields per 10,000 people.

截至2018 年，郑州全市汽车拥有量达到404.1万辆，其中个人拥有366.9 万辆;2019 年全国将有913 家医院开展无痛分娩试点，河南省占37 个，其中郑州有7 家医院入选;2020 年，郑州将打造成为国家区域性会展中心城市和国际会展名城;2020 年郑州将建成新型智慧城市，政务服务“最多跑一次”，将市民工作、生活所需之事“一网打尽”，建设“共享车位”;2020 年，郑州全面进入地铁大时代，将开通7 条地铁线路;2020 年，郑州市区公交车、出租车、城市轻型物流配送车、环卫作业车等将全部更换成新能源车;2019 年郑州市政府工作报告提出“三年内谋划建设各类博物馆100 家以上”，2020 年，河南省科技馆新馆、郑州博物馆新馆等将建成投入使用;郑州今年启动新建生态遗址工程22 个，争取到2020 年全市谋划建设遗址生态文化公园75 处，完成生态绿化面积5 万亩，把“青山绿水”搬到城市中间;2019 年将建设100 条健身路径工程、20 个城市社区健身活动中心(室)、20 个社区多功能运动场工程，在街心游园、绿地、居民休憩场所建设活动场地，预计到2020 年全市足球场地达到500 块以上，每万人拥有足球场0.5~0.7 块……

 

 

Photo：MaJian

The goal of reform and development is to improve people's livelihood. Over the past 70 years, a glance at the happy life of people in Zhengzhou shows how much it has changed.

改革和发展，落脚点在于改善民生。70 年来，郑州的变化有多大，看看郑州人的幸福生活便一目了然。